Ladders
Ladder safety is one of the most common underestimated hazards out there. Many people work on ladders around campus on a daily basis. People need to know how to use the specific ladder they will be working on. Not all ladders share the same hazards.
Ladders are generally broken into types of ladders and materials that make up the ladder.
Ladders are usually made from fiberglass, metal, and occasionally wood.
Ladders will also be labeled with a certain weight rating. (EX 300lbs). Make sure you have a ladder that will hold your weight plus the tools and materials it needs.
There are many types of ladders and specialty ladders. The most common types of ladders used on campus are extension ladders, A-frame/step ladders, platform ladders, and fixed ladders. Each type of ladder has its specific purpose.
Extension ladders: Extension ladders are used to reach high places that step ladders can not reach. Extension ladders will extend and become longer ladders. They are also used when a person needs to climb and get off on the next landing or on a roof. The extension ladder always leans against an object. Extension ladders should be laid against a wall at a 4/1 ratio. A 4/1 ratio means a ladder should be pulled out one foot for every foot in the height of the ladder. It is important to secure the ladder in place before starting work as it can easily slide out underneath or tip over.
Step-Ladders/A-frames: Step ladders are freestanding ladders. Most step ladders are only designed to be climbed on one side. The top two steps of the step ladder are not supposed to be stood or sat on. Being on the top two steps makes the ladder too top-heavy and greatly increases someone’s chances of falling off the ladder.
Platform ladders: Platform ladders are slowly replacing step ladders. Platform ladders are free-standing and have a small platform at the top instead of the two unusable steps. The platform makes it easier and safer to work.
Fixed Ladders: Fixed ladders are ladders that do not move and are attached to a building or fixed object. Fixed ladders over 24 feet tall require a ladder retention device that prevents people from falling off of them.